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Drug Prescribing and Dispensing Practices in Regional and National Referral Hospitals of Eritrea. PLOS ONE. 2022.", "country_ids": [ "ERI" ], "coverage_domains": [ "authoritative_review", "facility_data", "hospital_organization", "networks", "referral_design", "utilization" ], "display_status": "shown_in_full", "document_type": null, "evidence_mode": "observed", "excerpt": "all the regional and two national referral hospitals", "institution": "PLOS ONE", "locator": { "locator_type": "xml_sections", "source_word_anchor": "all the regional and two national referral hospitals", "source_word_count": 8 }, "material_id": "material:519dcf7b186f5a9b14ad24e5", "notes": [ "Use this facility study for its 2017-2018 hospital sample; it does not measure national patient flows." ], "origin": "country-evidence-improvement-sources", "period": "Facility study, September 2017 to January 2018; published 2022", "publication_date": null, "publication_year": 2022, "record_kind": "country_improvement_source_lead", "record_kind_label": "Country Improvement Source Lead", "screening": { "previous_boundary_detected": false, "previous_visibility": "previously_not_projected" }, "source_layers": [ "research_literature" ], "source_system": null, "source_version": { "detected_media_type": "application/xml", "response_sha256": "4867431aa7bd6d006db47267fbb460ce8633ddc118ddb3419cce5a4f246ef845" }, "statement": "The study sampled all regional and two national referral hospitals and describes the three-level service system in its study setting.", "tags": [], "territory": "Eritrea", "title": "Drug Prescribing and Dispensing Practices in Regional and National Referral Hospitals of Eritrea", "urls": [ { "kind": "url", "source": "not supplied", "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9390936/fullTextXML" } ] }, { "analytical_mapping": {}, "annotation_status": "open", "authors": [], "availability": {}, "citation": "World Bank. Eritrea Health Sector Note. 2003.", "country_ids": [ "ERI" ], "coverage_domains": [ "actors", "authoritative_review", "autonomy", "decision_rights", "governance", "government_responsibilities", "hospital_organization", "market_structure", "networks", "primary_care", "referral_design", "reform_history" ], "display_status": "shown_in_full", "document_type": null, "evidence_mode": "reported", "excerpt": "Decentralization", "institution": "World Bank", "locator": { "locator_type": "pdf_page_section", "source_word_anchor": "Decentralization", "source_word_count": 1 }, "material_id": "material:33124e4dc8efb0f96d0a300d", "notes": [ "Use this source only for its stated period and scope; it does not establish unmeasured current operational outcomes." ], "origin": "country-evidence-improvement-sources", "period": "World Bank sector note, 2003", "publication_date": null, "publication_year": 2003, "record_kind": "country_improvement_source_lead", "record_kind_label": "Country Improvement Source Lead", "screening": { "previous_boundary_detected": false, "previous_visibility": "previously_not_projected" }, "source_layers": [ "review_literature" ], "source_system": null, "source_version": { "detected_media_type": "application/pdf", "file_sha256": "936bba5ba23cfa67406f64a1576e9c4d3c2389e27a7098b428cfa9662e8a26b3" }, "statement": "The sector note identifies decentralization, planning and governance as health-system topics for its historical review.", "tags": [], "territory": "Eritrea", "title": "Eritrea Health Sector Note", "urls": [ { "kind": "url", "source": "not supplied", "url": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/906291468773739032/pdf/282670ER.pdf" } ] }, { "analytical_mapping": {}, "annotation_status": "open", "authors": [], "availability": {}, "citation": "World Bank. World Development Indicators, Hospital beds per 1,000 people, Eritrea. Retrieved 2026-08-21.", "country_ids": [ "ERI" ], "coverage_domains": [ "facility_data", "hospital_organization", "patient_flows", "utilization" ], "display_status": "shown_in_full", "document_type": null, "evidence_mode": "reported", "excerpt": "Hospital beds per 1,000 people", "institution": "World Bank", "locator": { "locator_type": "api_resource", "source_word_anchor": "Hospital beds per 1,000", "source_word_count": 4 }, "material_id": "material:dc4ae02aba50ab4449916732", "notes": [ "Use this source only for its stated period and scope; it does not establish unmeasured current operational outcomes." ], "origin": "country-evidence-improvement-sources", "period": "Dated indicator API retrieved 2026-08-21", "publication_date": null, "publication_year": 2026, "record_kind": "country_improvement_source_lead", "record_kind_label": "Country Improvement Source Lead", "screening": { "previous_boundary_detected": false, "previous_visibility": "previously_not_projected" }, "source_layers": [ "official" ], "source_system": null, "source_version": { "detected_media_type": "application/json", "response_sha256": "16e1a02f3e689bb50f7d560e847d5236fa269462210ca883900c0c0c5e4525a0" }, "statement": "The World Bank API provides a dated national hospital-bed series for Eritrea.", "tags": [], "territory": "Eritrea", "title": "Hospital beds per 1,000 people, Eritrea", "urls": [ { "kind": "url", "source": "not supplied", "url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/ERI/indicator/SH.MED.BEDS.ZS?format=json" } ] }, { "analytical_mapping": {}, "annotation_status": "open", "authors": [], "availability": {}, "citation": "World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa. Launching of Eritrea Health Sector Strategic Development Plan 2022-26. 29 April 2022.", "country_ids": [ "ERI" ], "coverage_domains": [ "actors", "authoritative_review", "governance", "government_responsibilities", "hospital_organization", "networks", "primary_care", "referral_design", "reform_history" ], "display_status": "shown_in_full", "document_type": null, "evidence_mode": "formal", "excerpt": "launch of four strategic documents", "institution": "World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa", "locator": { "locator_type": "web_page_anchor", "source_word_anchor": "launch of four strategic documents", "source_word_count": 5 }, "material_id": "material:536393939481d7bca13bbb40", "notes": [ "Use this source only for its stated period and scope; it does not establish unmeasured current operational outcomes." ], "origin": "country-evidence-improvement-sources", "period": "Announcement dated 29 April 2022", "publication_date": null, "publication_year": 2022, "record_kind": "country_improvement_source_lead", "record_kind_label": "Country Improvement Source Lead", "screening": { "previous_boundary_detected": false, "previous_visibility": "previously_not_projected" }, "source_layers": [ "official" ], "source_system": null, "source_version": { "detected_media_type": "text/html", "response_sha256": "db279944fa3404f29099ddeecc73026b4a4218455e9f849c35624e0fe7f31e38" }, "statement": "WHO reports the launch of HSSDP III, an Essential Health Care Package and a health-security action plan.", "tags": [], "territory": "Eritrea", "title": "Launching of Eritrea Health Sector Strategic Development Plan 2022-26", "urls": [ { "kind": "url", "source": "not supplied", "url": "https://www.afro.who.int/countries/eritrea/news/launching-eritrea-health-sector-strategic-development-plan-2022-26-hssdp-iii-essential-health-care?country=29&name=Eritrea" } ] }, { "analytical_mapping": {}, "annotation_status": "open", "authors": [], "availability": {}, "citation": "World Bank. World Development Indicators, Physicians per 1,000 people, Eritrea. Retrieved 2026-08-21.", "country_ids": [ "ERI" ], "coverage_domains": [ "authoritative_review", "facility_data", "hospital_organization", "utilization" ], "display_status": "shown_in_full", "document_type": null, "evidence_mode": "reported", "excerpt": "Physicians per 1,000 people", "institution": "World Bank", "locator": { "locator_type": "api_resource", "source_word_anchor": "Physicians per 1,000", "source_word_count": 4 }, "material_id": "material:7ae43a8fae5795c5628698e2", "notes": [ "Use this source only for its stated period and scope; it does not establish unmeasured current operational outcomes." ], "origin": "country-evidence-improvement-sources", "period": "Dated indicator API retrieved 2026-08-21", "publication_date": null, "publication_year": 2026, "record_kind": "country_improvement_source_lead", "record_kind_label": "Country Improvement Source Lead", "screening": { "previous_boundary_detected": false, "previous_visibility": "previously_not_projected" }, "source_layers": [ "official" ], "source_system": null, "source_version": { "detected_media_type": "application/json", "response_sha256": "e43f65fba089b489321480903e7904d8dd9d8649b75453faa23123e416a756f3" }, "statement": "The World Bank API provides a dated national physician-density series for Eritrea.", "tags": [], "territory": "Eritrea", "title": "Physicians per 1,000 people, Eritrea", "urls": [ { "kind": "url", "source": "not supplied", "url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/ERI/indicator/SH.MED.PHYS.ZS?format=json" } ] }, { "analytical_mapping": {}, "annotation_status": "open", "authors": [], "availability": {}, "citation": "Teklehaimanot et al. Portrait of the Emergency Department at Orotta National Referral and Teaching Hospital in Asmara, Eritrea. Open Access Emergency Medicine. 2022.", "country_ids": [ "ERI" ], "coverage_domains": [ "authoritative_review", "facility_data", "hospital_organization", "networks", "observed_referral", "patient_flows", "primary_care", "referral_design", "utilization" ], "display_status": "shown_in_full", "document_type": null, "evidence_mode": "observed", "excerpt": "three-tiered system", "institution": "Open Access Emergency Medicine", "locator": { "locator_type": "xml_sections", "source_word_anchor": "three-tiered system", "source_word_count": 2 }, "material_id": "material:5a05522168ce7ca21e92639e", "notes": [ "Use this source only for its stated period and scope; it does not establish unmeasured current operational outcomes." ], "origin": "country-evidence-improvement-sources", "period": "Single emergency-department study, 2020; published 2022", "publication_date": null, "publication_year": 2022, "record_kind": "country_improvement_source_lead", "record_kind_label": "Country Improvement Source Lead", "screening": { "previous_boundary_detected": false, "previous_visibility": "previously_not_projected" }, "source_layers": [ "research_literature" ], "source_system": null, "source_version": { "detected_media_type": "application/xml", "response_sha256": "bb380dce5c472a27fb69ddd9088e2c264808aec880f09f60f756b4c9b5a38851" }, "statement": "The observational study describes care levels and an Orotta emergency-department sample; it is not a national referral-flow estimate.", "tags": [], "territory": "Eritrea", "title": "Portrait of the Emergency Department at Orotta National Referral and Teaching Hospital in Asmara, Eritrea", "urls": [ { "kind": "url", "source": "not supplied", "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC9059985/fullTextXML" } ] }, { "analytical_mapping": {}, "annotation_status": "open", "authors": [], "availability": {}, "citation": "Chol et al. Stakeholders' Perspectives on Facilitators of and Barriers to the Utilisation of and Access to Maternal Health Services in Eritrea. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2018.", "country_ids": [ "ERI" ], "coverage_domains": [ "hospital_organization", "market_structure", "networks", "ownership", "primary_care", "referral_design", "utilization" ], "display_status": "shown_in_full", "document_type": null, "evidence_mode": "observed", "excerpt": "The health system in Eritrea is divided into three levels", "institution": "BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth", "locator": { "locator_type": "xml_sections", "source_word_anchor": "The health system in Eritrea is divided into three levels", "source_word_count": 10 }, "material_id": "material:892db0d4c513a5a5a8dd2421", "notes": [ "Treat the study's account of private clinics as 2016 context, not current market-share evidence." ], "origin": "country-evidence-improvement-sources", "period": "Qualitative maternal-health study conducted in 2016; published 2018", "publication_date": null, "publication_year": 2018, "record_kind": "country_improvement_source_lead", "record_kind_label": "Country Improvement Source Lead", "screening": { "previous_boundary_detected": false, "previous_visibility": "previously_not_projected" }, "source_layers": [ "research_literature" ], "source_system": null, "source_version": { "detected_media_type": "application/xml", "response_sha256": "ee6b3e17a1cef818fdb82288af15b4549cf17f5d3a9e8b75c872e39671ee040b" }, "statement": "The qualitative study describes primary, regional-referral and national-referral levels and reports its 2016 account of private clinics' abolition.", "tags": [], "territory": "Eritrea", "title": "Stakeholders' Perspectives on Facilitators of and Barriers to the Utilisation of and Access to Maternal Health Services in Eritrea", "urls": [ { "kind": "url", "source": "not supplied", "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC5775611/fullTextXML" } ] }, { "analytical_mapping": {}, "annotation_status": "open", "authors": [], "availability": {}, "citation": "Eritrea Ministry of Health. Strategic Plan for RMNCAH and Healthy Ageing 2022-2026. 2022.", "country_ids": [ "ERI" ], "coverage_domains": [ "actors", "autonomy", "decision_rights", "governance", "government_responsibilities", "hospital_organization", "networks", "ownership", "primary_care", "referral_design", "reform_history" ], "display_status": "shown_in_full", "document_type": null, "evidence_mode": "formal", "excerpt": "three-tier system", "institution": "Eritrea Ministry of Health", "locator": { "locator_type": "pdf_page_section", "source_word_anchor": "three-tier system", "source_word_count": 2 }, "material_id": "material:e7b85c515badde09b49ad78e", "notes": [ "Use this source only for its stated period and scope; it does not establish unmeasured current operational outcomes." ], "origin": "country-evidence-improvement-sources", "period": "Strategic plan 2022-2026", "publication_date": null, "publication_year": 2022, "record_kind": "country_improvement_source_lead", "record_kind_label": "Country Improvement Source Lead", "screening": { "previous_boundary_detected": false, "previous_visibility": "previously_not_projected" }, "source_layers": [ "official" ], "source_system": null, "source_version": { "detected_media_type": "application/pdf", "file_sha256": "bc49c0fb6aa966b3b31ff34169cb72d6ed75a4626a240822a4cbb434891b426e" }, "statement": "The plan describes a three-tier delivery system and a national, Zoba, sub-Zoba and facility coordination framework.", "tags": [], "territory": "Eritrea", "title": "Strategic Plan for Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, Adolescent Health and Healthy Ageing 2022-2026", "urls": [ { "kind": "url", "source": "not supplied", "url": "https://www.afro.who.int/sites/default/files/2022-09/2022_RMNCAH_Eritrea.pdf" } ] }, { "analytical_mapping": {}, "annotation_status": "open", "authors": [], "availability": {}, "citation": "World Bank. 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Eritrea - Health Sector Note. 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